A2 Grammar · Unit 7 · Topic 18 of 46

Dative as Indirect Object

About 3 minutes · examples, common mistakes, Hindi help and practice with answers

In short

The person who receives something is in the dative (Wem?), the thing in the accusative (Was?).

Ich schenke meiner Mutter einen Schal. · Er kauft seinem Sohn ein Fahrrad.

Verbs like geben, schenken, zeigen, schicken and erklären often have two objects: a thing (accusative) and the person who gets it (dative). The dative person answers the question Wem? (to whom?).

How it works

  • Dative articles: dem (der/das), der (die), den + -n (plural).
  • Possessives: meinem, meiner, meinen; einem, einer.
  • Dative pronouns: mir, dir, ihm, ihr, uns, euch, ihnen, Ihnen.
  • Common verbs: geben, schenken, schicken, zeigen, erklären, bringen, kaufen, empfehlen.
masculinefeminineneuterplural
Dativdem / meinem Vaterder / meiner Mutterdem / meinem Kindden / meinen Kindern

Examples

  • Ich schenke meiner Mutter einen Schal. (I'm giving my mother a scarf.)
  • Er kauft seinem Sohn ein Fahrrad. (He's buying his son a bike.)
  • Kannst du mir den Weg zeigen? (Can you show me the way?)
  • Die Lehrerin erklärt den Schülern die Aufgabe. (The teacher explains the task to the pupils.)

हिंदीजिसे कुछ दिया जाए वह व्यक्ति Dativ में (Wem?), और जो चीज़ दी जाए वह Akkusativ में (Was?)।

Dativ and Akkusativ in one sentence

Word order with a dative and an accusative object in German

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With verbs like geben, schenken and zeigen, the person who receives is in the Dativ and the thing is in the Akkusativ. With two nouns, the Dativ comes first. A pronoun comes before a noun, and when both are pronouns the Akkusativ one goes first.

geben, schenken, zeigen जैसे verbs में जिसे चीज़ मिलती है वह Dativ में होता है, और चीज़ Akkusativ में। दोनों noun हों तो पहले Dativ। Pronoun हमेशा noun से पहले आता है, और दोनों pronoun हों तो Akkusativ वाला (ihn, es) पहले।

Common mistakes

Using the accusative for the person: ✗ Ich gebe den Mann das Buch. ✓ Ich gebe dem Mann das Buch.

Practice

Fill in the dative.

  1. Ich schicke ___ Bruder ein Paket. (mein)
  2. Wir zeigen ___ Gästen die Stadt. (die)
  3. Kannst du ___ helfen? (ich)
  4. Sie schenkt ___ Freundin Blumen. (ihr)
Show answers

Answers: 1. meinem 2. den 3. mir 4. ihrer

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